A Cheatsheet on Database Performance

Database Performance Cheatsheet

Here's a cheatsheet on database performance:

1. Indexing

• • Purpose: Speed up data retrieval.
• • Considerations:

* Over-indexing can slow down writes.

* Regularly review and optimize indexes.

2. Query Optimization

• • Techniques:

* Use EXPLAIN to analyze query plans.

Avoid `SELECT `.

* Write efficient WHERE clauses.

3. Connection Pooling

• • Benefits:

* Reduces overhead of establishing new connections.

* Improves response times.

4. Caching

• • Levels:

* Application-level (e.g., Memcached, Redis).

* Database-level (query cache).

5. Sharding

• • Definition: Distribute data across multiple databases.
• • Use Cases:

* Handling large datasets.

* Improving write performance.

6. Replication

• • Types:

* Master-slave.

* Master-master.

• • Purpose:

* Read scaling.

* High availability.

7. Hardware

• • Considerations:

* Sufficient RAM.

* Fast storage (SSD).

* Adequate CPU.

8. Monitoring

• • Metrics:

* Query response times.

* CPU usage.

* Disk I/O.

9. Normalization/Denormalization

• • Normalization: Reduces redundancy.
• • Denormalization: Improves read performance (trade-off with redundancy).

10. Partitioning

• • Types:

* Horizontal.

* Vertical.

• • Purpose:

* Improve query performance.

* Easier data management.